Traditionally adjustable cams and mechanical linkages have been used to control the fuel valves and air dampers that modulate burner heat output. These mechanisms are susceptible to mechanical wear and hysteresis, and are progressively being replaced by more accurate burner control systems. For tha

Flash steam or partial evaporation is the partial steam that occurs when a saturated liquid stream (ie. condensate) undergoes a reduction in pressure by passing through steam trap or other throttling device. If the steam trap is located at the entry into a flash vessel so that the flash steam occu

The capturing waste heat from boiler hot flue gas to preheat feed water to improve boiler efficiency. Typically, the flue gases leaving a modern 3-pass shell boiler are at temperatures of 200 to 300 oC. Thus, there is a potential to recover heat from these gases. The flue gas exit temperature fro